palmer



(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 1. O. O. PALMER.

MECHANISM FOR TRANSFERRING POWER FROM THE AXLES-OF RAILWAY CARS TOREFRIGERATOR CARS.

No. 330,045. Patented Nov. 10, 1885.

N. PETERS. Phrtfl-iilhognpimr, Washmglcn, D. C.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2;

(No Model.)

0.0. PALMER. MECHANISM FOR TRANSFBRRING POWER FROM THE AXLES 0F RAILWAYCARS T0 REFRIGERATOR CARS.

Patented Nov. 10, 1885.

Q 'I IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII/IIIIIIII? N PEIERS, Prune-Lithographer,Washingion, n. c.

cAssiUs CLAY PALMER, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

MECHANISM FOR TRA NS FER RING POWER FROM THE AXLES OF RAILWAY-CARS T0REFRIGERATDR-CARS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 330,045, dated November10, 1885,

Application filed July 6, 1885.

To aZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, OASSIUS CLAY PALMER, of the city, county, and Stateof New York, have invented a new and useful improvement in mechanism fortransferring and utilizing power derivedfroni the axle of arailroad-car, and which improvement is designed to be applied moreespecially to a refrigerator-car, of which thefollowing is aspecification.

In Letters Patentof the UnitedStates granted to me on the 18th day ofDecember, 1883, and numbered 290,600, is described a refrigerator-carcomposed of two sets of mechanismsfirst,a setof mechanismfor-transferring power from the axle of the car and storing it, and forproviding for a regular application of the same, and, second, mechanismfor compressing the volatile fluid used asa refrigerant, cooling andexpandingit, and conducting the air to be cooled into such proximity toit that the heat of the air will be absorbed.

My present invention relates to the set of mechanism first mentioned,and has for its object an economy of power and an economy in cost offirst construction. I make no change in the other set of mechanism or.apparatus, save in so far as a proper application of my presentimprovement to it will render necessary;

In the drawings, Figure 1 representsa 1ongitudinal section of the car,taken through the line 1 1, Fig. 2, and extended far enough to show aportion of the interior of the refrigerating-chamber. Fig. 2 is atransverse section taken through the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4 areviews showing, on an enlarged scale, my present improvement, Fig. 3being asection through the plane of the line 3 3, Fig. 4, and Fig. 4 asection through line 4 4, Fig. 3.

I will first describe, generally, the partsof the mechanisms here shownwhich are also shown in my patent above mentioned, referring to it for amore particular description, in order that the relation and applicationof my present improvement with reference to such parts will be moreclearly understood, and I will then describe more particularly themechanism embodying my present improvement.

A is the provision-chamber.

B is a compartment of the car, preferably Serial No. 170,835. (Nomodel.)

at one end' thereof, in which the operating mechanism is placed.

1 O is the refrigeratingchamber, extending transversely across the car,in which the air drawn fromthe chill-room at the top is caused to passin contact with a series of tubes or pipes, 0, containing therefrigerant, extending trans versely across the car and out at thebottom into the chill-room of the car at c. The circulation of the airto be cooled may be assisted by the fanblower 0 if desired.

; D is the condenser, and is an L-shaped compartment, (made so foreconomy of space) as shown, in which are placed the pipes or tubes d,containing the refrigerant in a liquid condition, and where it it iscooled by water from a water-tank, D, at the top of the car, coming incontact with the tubes.

E is a gas-compression cylinder. ton e of this cylinder is driven by thepitman e and crank e of the pulley 6 Suppose the compression-cylinder tobe in operation from any source of power whatever. Then the opera tionof the apparatus will be as follows: The volatile fluid upon beingcompressed in the gas-compression cylinder will flow into the tubes ofthe condenser D, where it will be cooled, and thence along to therefrigeratingchamber 0, where it will be expanded in a partial vacuum,and where the air circulating through chamber G will be cooled, andthence the gas passes back again into the compressioncylinders to againundergo the same treatment.

In mechanism located on a railroad-car and driven by power derived fromthe car-axle it is desirable that the power shall be governed in such amanner that the irregularities of speed to which the axle is liable byreason of the variations of speed at which the car is run may beneutralized at the point of application of the power and the power hedelivered with uniformity and regularity.

On lines of railroad where variations of speed are of frequent anduncertain occurrence it is desirable that means for automaticallyregulating the power at the point of application should be employed, andsuch means I have described in my Letters Patent above referred to; buton a line of railroad where certain distances are traveled at a uniformThe pisthe disk F hasits bearings extends some dis tance higher than theportion F and affords'a' bearing for the shaft F, upon which is mounte dthe gear-.wheel F and the driving-pulley F Upon the shaft F ofthefriction-disk -F is mounted'a gear-wheel, F, in such a position as tobe driven by the gear-wheel v drawingsl have shown the gear-wheel F withone-third the number of teeth with which gear=wheel F is provided, sothat the speed of the disks is reducedzto onerthird The;

number of teeth upon these gears may of course bevariedaccordingztothe'rateiof speed required; The pulley F is -driven'by powerderived fromthe pulley F on the axle of the car, throughthe medium of thebelt F G isa 'friction-disk of leather, metal,-. or othersuitable material andabouttwelve-inches in diameter.- Thedisk G bears against the face of thedisk-F, fromnwhich, by frictional contact,-it receivesaitstmotionnTheidisk G is mounted on a shaft, G, havi-ngitsabeal'ings; in abearing-box, H, bolted to annpwardlex;

tension, I, ofthaslidirig carriage-L This bearing-box is composed'of thesplit bushi-ng H. H and the elastic piece H The-bolts h secure thebushingsand elastic piece to the pieceI. I The form of this bearing,it'will be seen, is well adapted to vpermit of a slightly yieldingcontact between-the friction -disks and G, which is very desirable- I Iis the sliding carriagegwhich affords-the bearing for-thedisk G. I isV-shaped on its under surface, which is of a sufficient length The V-.shaped projection of carriage I dovetails into to .insure a broad-bearing=surface.--

a correspondingarecess on the topof .a carria ge,=J, hereinafter to bedescribedwThe' top of carriage J formsthe. s'lidingwbed-for' carriage I.A lug, i, extends-fromtheunder' surfaceof the carriage-I at its center;This lug i is threaded to receive va screw-shaft, 1?, whichis preventedfrom longitudinal niovea ment by: the tightening-nut: i and ;hub 10fworm-wheell bearing one upon each'sidecof the portion of thecarriage Jthrough: which the screw-shaft passes. On -the.-=end of the:

screw-shaft 1 farthest-from :the' disk' F is mounted a worm-wheel, I7which gears with a worm, It, :on-the shaft 1 Thei shaft- I .at; itsbottom has-a step-bearing in a lateral iex-a tension of the carriage J,and at its upperpor-v tion has a bearing also in a lateral extension ofthelcarriage J. Anyiro'tationg of the-worm! shaft 1 will rotate theworm-wheel-I? and -screw-shaft I? and cause the carriage I and;-

disk G to advance or recede from the face of In the vide auniversaljoint,'-as shown-at-I,

'2, and' 4', between";thenhandawheel shaft and theworm shaft, ofsuchafor'm that the hand-'- wheel: shaft mays take a position'at 1 anyangle to the; worm=shaft,:but that when rotated "it disk F, according tothe direction in which worm-shaft I is turned. .i The object of thesliding carriageI being principally to carry the disk G to and from thedisk F, so as to start and stop the machine, the extent of travel whichit may possess need not exceed a quarter of an inch; but as the carriageI is also subject to a motion across the face of the disk,

and which may at times amount to twelve inches, it is necessary toprovide a connection between the hand-wheel shaft 1", through whichthe'worm-shaft is operated, of such a nature that some one of themmayadjust itself to any position which the other may be forced to take.Asitwould be inconvenient to make the wormshaft adjustable, I make itstationary and pro- FlgS. 1,

will rotates the worm-shaft and cause -carriage I to advance or recede,

purpose of carrying the'disk G across-theface riage I, sliding upontitdThe 'carriageJ has according to the direc tion in which-it is turned.The carriage J, already mentioned is for the .of thediskeF, andits-plane of movement is at right-anglesto theaplane of n1ovement ofcar-' a sliding ;-connecti on:with the bed-plate upon shaped recessxofthabottom of the carri age J is a1ug,-j, screwethreaded toreceivethescrew shaft-J. The screw-TshaftJ is preventedfromlongitudinalmovement-by the tighteningmut j, placed on theoutside ofthe portion of the framed? in which J. has t-oneof its bearings,

which it is;mo.unted, formed by the V-shaped-- 1 top of the. frame Fdovetailing with-the won the bottomof the; carriage J, at its center, t

and the hubrof the: bevel-wheel J bearing 7 against theoutsideaofthezframe F at the other ---.en'd, as-shown.-=i Ononeend'ofthescrew-shaft J is mountedra'bevel-pin-ion, J This bevelpinion engageswith a bevel-pinion, J "at; the

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bottom of the hand-wheel shaft J the rotation I :of which causes-therotationzof the screw-shaft J,=andhencethe'travel of thecarriageJ anddisk G acrossthe faceiof thedisk E.

K is'a pulley mounted on the shaftG in such manner as .to-rotateziwithit, but not to e be .affected by thei:1ongitudinalmovement which itpossesses byireason of its connection" -..120 -spline'konnthe shaftG"fitting into a groovewith carriagejl; Thisis accomplished by the ontheinterior of theehub of the pulley K;

=As'5a further iprecaution againsttbeipulleyfK sleeve,-k",surroundingzshaftGC- This sleeve beinglzaffected by theizslidi-ngmovement of" :shaftiG, I formrthez hub iof theipulle y with a isflanged'at its.outer end,as shown, and-the I space between-therhubi oftheipulley and thisflangeis made-the bearingesurface bet'w een thepulley and its: Supporting-frameici: The pul ley Kislconnectedby belt kwith pulley e of the compression-cylinder;1"

L is a; small friction-disk .-fon-:the:purpose =of I counteracting thepressure of the friction-disk G on the disk F when the disk G is bearingon disk F near the outer surface of the latter. The disk L has itsbearings in a frame, L, projecting from the frame F', as shown, andbears against the annular flange L cast upon one faceof the disk F.

M are the rollers of a belt-tightening device, similar to that describedin my patent already referred to. The means for preventing dust, &c.,from entering the car, at the place where the belt F passes through fromthe OELY'EtXlG are also similar to the means described in my patentalready referred to.

I prefer to place upon each of the handwheel shafts two hand-wheels, oneupon the portion of it within the car at such a height as to be withineasy reach of the attendant, and the other on the portion of the shaftprojecting beyond the roof the car, so that the machinery mayberegulated from the top of the car.

In'operating the mechanism which I have shown, whether in connectionwith the apparatusof a' refrigerator-car or other machinery located on arailroad car, the attendant, by turning the hand-wheel on the hand-wheelshaft J in one direction causes the carriage J and disk G to travelacross the face of the disk F the distance which he deems necessary tosecure the proper speed, and which distance he determines from aknowledge of the rate of speed at which the car is to travel, themachinery of the refrigerating apparatus requiring to be run practicallyat a uniform rate of speed. The attendant then turns the handwheel shaftI,which causes the carriage I and disk G to advance until the lattercomes in contact with the disk F. Suppose the car now to start. Therotation of the axle will be communicated through pulley F belt F",pulley F, and gears F and F to the disk F, the belttightener M insuringa constant tension of the belt F The disk F communicates its motion tothe disk G by frictional contact.

The disk G communicates its motion to the shaft G, upon which it ismounted, and upon which the pulley K or other suitable pulleys are alsomounted. From this pulley K the machinery or apparatus to be operatedmay be driven. As here shown, the refrigerating apparatus is driven frompulleyK by belt it, running over pulley e of the compression pump.Suppose now that the car approaches a stretch of road where the speed isusually increased. Then the attendant turns the hand wheel-shaft I,which causes the carriage I and disk Gto recede from disk F. If thespeed of the car is increased twice as much, then it will be necessaryto move the carriage J and disk G across the face of the disk F towardits center a distance sufficient to reduce the amount of surface againstwhich it bears about onehalf. This is done by turning the hand-wheelshaft J in the proper direction. If the speed of the car is decreased,the disk G would be caused, by turning the hand-wheel shaft J to travelacross the face of the disk F away from it center a suflicient distanceto compensate for the decrease of speed of the'axle of the car. Thefarther the disk G is advanced across the face of the disk F away fromits center of course the greater will be the increase of speedcommunicated to G and through it to the operating mechanism. WVhen G hasbeen located with reference to F at a proper distance from its center,the attendant turns the hand-wheel shaft I in an opposite direction fromthat in which he first turned it, causing G to come in contact withF,When the speed of G will be increased or decreased the desired amount.

I have described what I consider to be the best means of carrying out myimprovement, but do not mean to limit myself to the precise details ofconstruction shown.

' It will be obvious to any mechanic that de vices other than thosespecified herein may be employed to accomplish the movements of the diskG necessary for starting and stopping the machinery to be operated, andfor causing it to travel across the face of the disk F to regulate itsspeed of rotation, and such means I deem to be withinthe scope of mypresent invention.

The motion of the pulley F may be communicated to disk F by belting andsuitable pulleys, and this I consider to be an equiva,

lent of the gears shown.

WVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

1. In a railroad-car, the combination of a pulley located on thecar-axle, a pulley located on the car and receiving motion from thepulley located on the car-aXle, a friction-disk re ceiving motion fromsaid pulleys, a second friction-disk bearing against said firstmentioned friction-disk and operated byit, and means whereby the motionof said second friction-disk is transferredto the point of application,substantially as described.

2. In a railroad-car, the combination of a pulley located on thecar-axle and a pulley located on the car and receiving motion from thepulley on the car-axle, a friction-disk receiving motion from saidpulleys through multiplying geanwheels, a second friction-disk bearingagainst said first-mentioned frictiondisk and receiving motion from it,and means whereby the motion of said second frictiondisk is transferredto the point of application, substantially as described.

3. In a railroad-car, the combination of a pulley located on thecar-axle, a pulley located on the car and receiving motion from thepulley on the ear-axle, a friction-disk receiving motion from saidpulleys, a second frictiondisk receiving motion from saidfirst-mentioned friction-disk, and means whereby it will be caused totravel across the face of first mentioned friction-disk and its speedincreased or decreased, and means whereby the power from said secondfriction-disk is transferred to the point of application, substantiallyas described.

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second friction-disk may be moved to or from 1 the face of thefirst-mentioned friction-disk for the purpose of starting or stoppingthe machine, and means whereby said starting and stopping motion may becommunicated at the point of application, substantially as described.

5. In a railroad-car, the combination of a pulley located on thecar-axle, a pulley located on the car and receiving motion from thepulley on the car-axle, a friction-disk receiving motion from saidpulleys, a second frictiondisk receiving motion from saidfirst-mentioned frictiondisk, a third friction-disk so located withreference to said first-mentioned friction-disk as to counteract thethrust of the second-friction-disk upon it, substantially as described.

6. In a railroadcar, the combination of a pulley located on thecar-axle, a pulley located on the car and receiving motion fromsaid pulley on the canaxle, a friction-disk receiving motion from said pulley, asecond friction disk receiving motion from said first-mentionedfriction-disk, means whereby said second friction-disk may be advancedto and from the first-mentioned friction-disk to start and stop themachine, and means whereby'it may be caused-to travel across the face ofthe-firstmentioned friction'diskto regulate the speedof rotation atwhich it travels, and-means ing motions from said pulleys, a second'fricwhereby the-commencement, variation-,'or cessation of motionot' saidfriction-disk may be communicated at thepoint of application, substantially as described,

7. In a railroadcar,'the combination of a pulley located'onthe-car-axle, a belt running from said pulley on-the car-axle to apulley located on the car, said pulleylocated on the car, abelt-tightening device for preserving the tension of said. belt, afriction-disk receivtion-disk bearing againstsaid first-mentionedfriction-disk and operated by it, and means whereby: the motionofsaidsecond frictiondisk is transferred to the point of application,substantially as described.

8. In combination, the pulley F onthe car-1 axle, the pulley F receivingmotion from pulley Ffi-belt F", friction-disk F, receiving motionthrough said pulleys F andF, the friction -disk G, mounted upon thesliding carriage I, screwshaft I, worm wheel 1 worm I andhand-wheelshaft I, connected by a universal joint, I, to worm-shaft;Iall substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. In combination, the pulley F receiving motion from a car-axle, thepulley F, the friction-disk F, receiving motion through said pulleys Fand F from the car-axle, the friction-disk G, the sliding carriage I,forming the bearing for disk G, the sliding carriage J forming a bearingfor carriage I, the carriage J, receiving its sliding motion throughscrewshaft J, bevel-wheel J 2 on said screw-shaft J, bevelwheel Jgearing with bevel-wheel J and hand-wheel shaft J connected'withbevelwheel J all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10; In combinatioiythe pulley F receiving motion from-the axle,thepulley F", the friction-disk F, receiving motion from pulleys F and F,the friction-disk G, receiving motion from disk F, sliding shaft G,pulley K, mounted on sliding shaft G in such manner that it will rotatewith but not slidewith shaft G, substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

11; Thecombinatiomdn a refrigerator-car employing as a refrigerant avolatilefluid, of thechi'll-room for containing the'articles to bepreserved, the gas compression cylinder, the condenser wherein thecompressed gas'is cooled,'the refrigerator communicating with thecondenserwherein theair to be employed is cooled bycontact with tubeswherein the volatile fluid from the=condenser ise'xpanded: "in -avacuum, substantially as described, the

compression-cylinder being operated by power derived from the car-axlethrough the medium of pulley FZlocated onthe axle-belt F running' oversaid pulley F to-a pulley, F ,"lo

catedon the car, whichlatte'r pulley commu- 10o nicatesits motion tofriction-disks F and G,

substantially as:described, the disk- G communicates its motion to thepull-eye, operat ing the pistone of the compressioncylindensubstantially as described.

OASSIUS CLAY PALMER- Witnesses: v

DANIEL H.'DRIsooLL, E. T. ROCHE.

